АННОТАЦИЯ
ABSTRACT
The article considers the problems of biological safety in the permafrost zone of the Russian Federation from two positions. First, the impact of climate change on the possible emergence of pathogens of especially dangerous infections in the human environment due to: 1) expanding the range of carriers of infectious pathogens, 2) returning pathogens of especially dangerous infections of the 18th-19th centuries to modern Arctic ecosystems during thawing of cattle burial grounds or people those who died during these epidemics and 3) the removal to the surface of pathogens of especially dangerous infections of past millennia due to the thawing of the remains of the mammoth fauna in the permafrost layer. Secondly, the possibility of the emergence of new modified viral genomes in the permafrost zone, which arose as a result of natural or artificial mutagenesis, due to the likelihood of the transfer of viral pathogens of infectious diseases during seasonal migrations of birds, primarily from Southeast Asia, followed by mutagenic adaptation of viruses to new extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic and further back transfer of new variants of viruses to various geographical regions of the planet. Organizational proposals have been formulated to ensure biological safety in the Arctic in the interests of not only the Russian Federation, but also of all mankind.